Gender, work and health

Gender and sex play an important role in determining work experiences, as well as health experiences in the wake of a work-related injury or disease. (“Gender” typically refers to socially constructed roles, relationships, behaviours, relative power and other traits that societies ascribe to women, men and people of diverse gender identities. “Sex” is typically understood to refer to the biological and physiological characteristics that distinguish females from males.) IWH research seeks to understand these experiences—in particular the effects and outcomes of occupational exposures related to these experiences—in order to develop gender- and sex-sensitive policies and practices to improve the health of all working Canadians.

Featured

A hospital corridor.
Research Highlights

Fatal drug overdoses more common among lower-income and unemployed Canadians

A new IWH study looked at how sociodemographic factors measured by the Canadian census were linked with drug overdose deaths.
Published: March 11, 2026
A nurse takes his patient's blood pressure.
At Work article

Do women and men have different risks of getting an infectious disease from work?

According to an IWH systematic review of studies published between 2016 and 2021, women and men in the same jobs have similar risks of getting an infectious disease from work—with a few exceptions.
Published: December 9, 2025
A hospital corridor.
Research Highlights

Fatal drug overdoses more common among lower-income and unemployed Canadians

An IWH study looked at how sociodemographic factors measured by the Canadian census were linked with drug overdose deaths. The researchers found that deaths were highest among those with the lowest income, those who were unemployed or out of the labour force, and those without a high school degree.
Published: March 2026
Journal article
Journal article

Who benefits from right-to-disconnect legislation in Europe? Cross-national and gendered effects on employee wellbeing

Published: British Journal of Industrial Relations, February 2026
Journal article
Journal article

Socioeconomic inequities in drug poisoning deaths in Canada

Published: Canadian Journal of Public Health. 2026; [epub ahead of print]., February 2026
Journal article
Journal article

Income after cancer across gender and age among Canadian adolescents and young adults

Published: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, January 2026
A nurse takes his patient's blood pressure.
At Work article

Do women and men have different risks of getting an infectious disease from work?

Within a given occupation, men and women often face different risks of experiencing a work-related injury. But are those trends the same when it comes to the risks of work-related infectious diseases? According to an IWH systematic review of studies published between 2016 and 2021, women and men in the same jobs have similar risks of getting an infectious disease from work—with a few exceptions.
Published: December 2025
Journal article
Journal article

Employment quality and mortality in Canada

Published: Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, October 2025
Journal article
Journal article
Journal article

Associations of minority stress and employment discrimination with job quality among sexual- and gender-minority workers

Published: Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health, March 2025
Journal article
Journal article

Employment quality and suicide, drug poisoning, and alcohol-attributable mortality

Published: American Journal of Epidemiology, February 2025