Gender, work and health
Gender and sex play an important role in determining work experiences, as well as health experiences in the wake of a work-related injury or disease. (“Gender” typically refers to socially constructed roles, relationships, behaviours, relative power and other traits that societies ascribe to women, men and people of diverse gender identities. “Sex” is typically understood to refer to the biological and physiological characteristics that distinguish females from males.) IWH research seeks to understand these experiences—in particular the effects and outcomes of occupational exposures related to these experiences—in order to develop gender- and sex-sensitive policies and practices to improve the health of all working Canadians.
Featured
Research Highlights
Fatal drug overdoses more common among lower-income and unemployed Canadians
A new IWH study looked at how sociodemographic factors measured by the Canadian census were linked with drug overdose deaths.
Published: March 11, 2026
At Work article
Do women and men have different risks of getting an infectious disease from work?
According to an IWH systematic review of studies published between 2016 and 2021, women and men in the same jobs have similar risks of getting an infectious disease from work—with a few exceptions.
Published: December 9, 2025
Journal article
Journal article
Job quality and precarious employment among lesbian, gay, and bisexual workers: a national study
Published: SSM - Population Health, December 2023
Journal article
Journal article
Work as a social determinant of health in high-income countries: past, present, and future
Published: Lancet, October 2023
Journal article
Journal article
Identifying the sociodemographic and work-related factors related to workers' daily physical activity using a decision tree approach
Published: BMC Public Health, September 2023
Journal article
Journal article
Commentary: methodological approaches to understanding mechanisms and 'what if' questions in occupational health research
Published: Occupational and Environmental Medicine, August 2023
At Work article
Review synthesizes differences between men, women in injury risks and outcomes
Men and women may be part of the labour force in similar proportions, but many industries and occupations are still dominated by one sex/gender or another. A new systematic review at IWH looks at differences between men and women in work exposures and injury/illness outcomes.
Published: May 2022
Journal article
Journal article
Differences between men and women in their risk of work injury and disability: a systematic review
Published: American Journal of Industrial Medicine, May 2022
Project
Project
Developing approaches to measuring the dimensions of gender and their relationship to health outcomes
An IWH-led project aims to develop a multidimensional measure of gender, with a focus on the working-age population.
Status: Completed
Journal article
Journal article
Gender differences in authorship prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic in research submissions to Occupational and Environmental Medicine (2017-2021)
Published: Occupational & Environmental Medicine, February 2022
Journal article
Journal article
Immigrant status, gender and work disability duration: findings from a linked, retrospective cohort of workers' compensation and immigration data from British Columbia, Canada
Published: BMJ Open, December 2021
Journal article
Journal article
Sex and gender differences in occupational hazard exposures: a scoping review of the recent literature
Published: Current Environmental Health Reports, November 2021