Chronic conditions and work

Chronic conditions refer to diseases and health conditions that last a long time and generally progress slowly. Although they can occur at any age, they become more common later in life. They are often invisible, sometimes episodic (i.e. they come and go) and often characterized by fluctuating symptoms that leave people disabled one day and functional the next. Examples of chronic diseases include arthritis, diabetes, chronic pain, depression and fibromyalgia. IWH research in this area focuses on the effects of chronic disease on work participation and productivity, as well as the effectiveness of job accommodations, benefits and other programs to ensure workers with chronic disease can stay at, or return to, work.

Featured

An overhead shot of a boardroom table full of people
At Work article

IWH knowledge transfer and exchange approach a ‘perfect fit’ for episodic disabilities project

This article illustrates how a seven-year partnership project used IWH’s approach to KTE to develop and share usable outputs from the research findings.
Published: September 8, 2025
At Work article
At Work article

Change with the times: Chronic conditions hint at the need for tailored injury prevention efforts

Workplaces may need to tailor their injury prevention efforts to address the rising prevalence of chronic conditions, says new research from the Institute for Work & Health.
Published: July 2013
At Work article
At Work article

Role conflict, strain and overload among challenges facing workers with arthritis

The impact of arthritis on the working and personal lives of those with the chronic illness is more profound than one may presume, says new research that examines the intersecting roles of those with the disease and suggests ways to identify those at risk of negative workplace outcomes.
Published: February 2013
Project
Project

Understanding the employment needs and experiences of baby boomers with arthritis and diabetes

Episodic health conditions such as arthritis and diabetes can pose unique challenges to older workers who wish to remain in the workforce. An IWH team explored these challenges and their association with work outcomes.
Status: Completed 2019
At Work article
At Work article

Work environment may put women at risk of diabetes

Limited discretion and authority to influence how to meet the demands of their job may put women at risk of diabetes, says a new study from the Institute for Work & Health and the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences.
Published: October 2012
IWH Speaker Series
IWH Speaker Series

Supporting employees dealing with chronic diseases: Emerging issues among workers with arthritis

Individuals with chronic physically disabling illnesses experience a number of challenges when working.This plenary discusses three separate studies of individuals with inflammatory arthritis and osteoarthritis, and highlights the episodic nature of many chronic conditions like arthritis, the work-health balance and perceived “job lock” (that is, being trapped in a job because of one’s health).Those reporting "job lock" were more likely to report absenteeism related to their disease, job disruptions and lower productivity. These findings are discussed, along with the need for workplace interventions to target work-related and psychosocial issues that could facilitate or undermine employment.
Published: March 2012
At Work article
At Work article

The quest for greater flexibility: Creative innovations for workers with arthritis

Arthritis is a leading cause of disability among adults, and it often affects them in the prime of their career. How it’s approached in the workplace can make all the difference, according to a new study by an adjunct scientist at the Institute for Work & Health.
Published: August 2011
At Work article
At Work article

What works to reduce the burden of workplace MSDs?

The burden of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) is significant for workers, employees and society at large. What do we know about what works in reducing this burden? Dr. Barbara Silverstein tackled this question during the Institute for Work & Health’s (IWH’s) 2006 Alf Nachemson Lecture.
Published: November 2006