Chronic conditions and work

Chronic conditions refer to diseases and health conditions that last a long time and generally progress slowly. Although they can occur at any age, they become more common later in life. They are often invisible, sometimes episodic (i.e. they come and go) and often characterized by fluctuating symptoms that leave people disabled one day and functional the next. Examples of chronic diseases include arthritis, diabetes, chronic pain, depression and fibromyalgia. IWH research in this area focuses on the effects of chronic disease on work participation and productivity, as well as the effectiveness of job accommodations, benefits and other programs to ensure workers with chronic disease can stay at, or return to, work.

Featured

Three people in business attire talk in a hallway
Impact case study

Word spreads about IWH tools, thanks to stakeholders' support

Since the release of two tools designed to support the sustained employment of people with chronic and episodic conditions, word has spread quickly, thanks to organizations that promoted the tools and helped them reach the hands of workers, employers and post-secondary students.
Published: October 16, 2025
An overhead shot of a boardroom table full of people
At Work article

IWH knowledge transfer and exchange approach a ‘perfect fit’ for episodic disabilities project

This article illustrates how a seven-year partnership project used IWH’s approach to KTE to develop and share usable outputs from the research findings.
Published: September 8, 2025
Journal article
The Conversation logo
IWH in the media

Coronavirus: The risks to essential workers with hidden health conditions

The COVID-19 pandemic has left many in Canada’s workforce worried about their health and finances. Those worries are even greater for workers living with an underlying and invisible chronic health condition. In the planning of health and safety responses to COVID-19 and the ultimate reopening of workplaces, employers should be aware of the unique needs of this potentially vulnerable group of workers, writes IWH Scientist Dr. Arif Jetha in The Conversation.
Published: The Conversation, April 2020
The Globe and Mail logo
IWH in the media

Despite social distancing, many front-line public workers feel the strain

Stress and anxiety are rising among staff who work customer-facing jobs and feel their work environments may put their health and safety at risk, writes Andrea Yu. Many vulnerable front-line workers, for example those with pre-existing health conditions, may feel like they lack the power to voice their concerns, says IWH Scientist Dr. Arif Jetha in the article.
Published: The Globe and Mail, March 2020
Journal article
Journal article

Long working hours and the prevalence of masked and sustained hypertension

Published: Hypertension, February 2020
Journal article
Journal article

Male/female differences in the impact of caring for elderly relatives on labor market attachment and hours of work: 1997-2015

Published: The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, February 2020
Stone arches and stain glass windows in the interior of the Canadian Parliament
Impact case study

IWH researchers help MPs examine episodic disabilities and work issues

IWH senior scientists presented expert testimony to a federal standing committee looking at the needs of people with episodic disabilities—an example of how research can support policy-makers in addressing important societal issues.
Published: November 2019
Journal article
Journal article

Exposure to crystalline silica in Canadian workplaces and the risk of kidney cancer

Published: Occupational and Environmental Medicine, September 2019
Two workers at a window shutters manufacturing shop floor
Research Highlights

Comparing the retirement expectations of older workers with and without chronic conditions

Workers with arthritis and diabetes, despite their health difficulties, have similar retirement plans as their healthy peers. Yet workers with chronic conditions are more likely than their healthy peers to report having retired previously and returned to work, often in part-time positions.
Published: August 2019