Chronic conditions and work
Chronic conditions refer to diseases and health conditions that last a long time and generally progress slowly. Although they can occur at any age, they become more common later in life. They are often invisible, sometimes episodic (i.e. they come and go) and often characterized by fluctuating symptoms that leave people disabled one day and functional the next. Examples of chronic diseases include arthritis, diabetes, chronic pain, depression and fibromyalgia. IWH research in this area focuses on the effects of chronic disease on work participation and productivity, as well as the effectiveness of job accommodations, benefits and other programs to ensure workers with chronic disease can stay at, or return to, work.
Featured
Impact case study
Word spreads about IWH tools, thanks to stakeholders' support
Since the release of two tools designed to support the sustained employment of people with chronic and episodic conditions, word has spread quickly, thanks to organizations that promoted the tools and helped them reach the hands of workers, employers and post-secondary students.
Published: October 16, 2025
At Work article
IWH knowledge transfer and exchange approach a ‘perfect fit’ for episodic disabilities project
This article illustrates how a seven-year partnership project used IWH’s approach to KTE to develop and share usable outputs from the research findings.
Published: September 8, 2025
Journal article
Journal article
Body mass index trajectories among the Canadian workforce and their association with work environment trajectories over 17 years
Published: Occupational and Environmental Medicine, June 2020
IWH in the media
Coronavirus: The risks to essential workers with hidden health conditions
The COVID-19 pandemic has left many in Canada’s workforce worried about their health and finances. Those worries are even greater for workers living with an underlying and invisible chronic health condition. In the planning of health and safety responses to COVID-19 and the ultimate reopening of workplaces, employers should be aware of the unique needs of this potentially vulnerable group of workers, writes IWH Scientist Dr. Arif Jetha in The Conversation.
Published: The Conversation, April 2020
IWH in the media
Despite social distancing, many front-line public workers feel the strain
Stress and anxiety are rising among staff who work customer-facing jobs and feel their work environments may put their health and safety at risk, writes Andrea Yu. Many vulnerable front-line workers, for example those with pre-existing health conditions, may feel like they lack the power to voice their concerns, says IWH Scientist Dr. Arif Jetha in the article.
Published: The Globe and Mail, March 2020
Journal article
Journal article
Men and women's occupational activities and the risk of developing osteoarthritis of the knee, hip, or hands: a systematic review and recommendations for future research
Published: Arthritis Care and Research, March 2020
Journal article
Journal article
Long working hours and the prevalence of masked and sustained hypertension
Published: Hypertension, February 2020
Journal article
Journal article
Male/female differences in the impact of caring for elderly relatives on labor market attachment and hours of work: 1997-2015
Published: The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, February 2020
Journal article
Journal article
Health care providers' experiences and perceptions participating in a chronic pain telementoring education program: a qualitative study
Published: Canadian Journal of Pain, January 2020
Impact case study
IWH researchers help MPs examine episodic disabilities and work issues
IWH senior scientists presented expert testimony to a federal standing committee looking at the needs of people with episodic disabilities—an example of how research can support policy-makers in addressing important societal issues.
Published: November 2019
Journal article
Journal article
Exposure to crystalline silica in Canadian workplaces and the risk of kidney cancer
Published: Occupational and Environmental Medicine, September 2019
Research Highlights
Comparing the retirement expectations of older workers with and without chronic conditions
Workers with arthritis and diabetes, despite their health difficulties, have similar retirement plans as their healthy peers. Yet workers with chronic conditions are more likely than their healthy peers to report having retired previously and returned to work, often in part-time positions.
Published: August 2019