Chronic conditions and work
Chronic conditions refer to diseases and health conditions that last a long time and generally progress slowly. Although they can occur at any age, they become more common later in life. They are often invisible, sometimes episodic (i.e. they come and go) and often characterized by fluctuating symptoms that leave people disabled one day and functional the next. Examples of chronic diseases include arthritis, diabetes, chronic pain, depression and fibromyalgia. IWH research in this area focuses on the effects of chronic disease on work participation and productivity, as well as the effectiveness of job accommodations, benefits and other programs to ensure workers with chronic disease can stay at, or return to, work.
Featured

Impact case study
Being part of an IWH research partnership helped health charities meet their communities’ needs
Published: August 1, 2025

Tools and guides
Decision-support for Communicating about Invisible Disabilities that are Episodic (DCIDE)
Published: December 13, 2024
Project
Project
Supporting the employment participation of Canadian young adults with chronic conditions: a systematic review
Status: Completed 2019
Journal article
Journal article
Transitions that matter: life course differences in the employment of adults with arthritis
Published: Disability and Rehabilitation, January 2018

At Work article
Young adults with chronic conditions often struggle to access workplace supports
Young people with arthritis have the same accommodation needs as their older counterparts. But they face a few distinct barriers accessing those workplace supports. Find out why.
Published: November 2017
Journal article
Journal article
Education and employment participation in young adulthood. What role does arthritis play?
Published: Arthritis Care and Research, October 2017

IWH in the media
Bad news: Now standing at work is killing you, too
Wait, what? It's been less than a week since we shared with you the grim news that sitting as much as you do will one day transform you into a helpless, miserable, immobile old person who can barely walk. Now, a team of Canadian researchers have found that people who primarily stand at work are twice as likely to develop heart disease as their chair-dwelling counterparts
Published: GQ, September 2017

IWH in the media
New study shows that life and career stage do matter when thinking about the impact of arthritis on employment
Arthritis affects 4.3 million Canadians, 60 per cent of whom are under the age of 65. Yet, we know little about how people with arthritis balance their work responsibilities with the management of their health condition at different stages of their lives, writes Institute for Work & Health (IWH) Research Associate Julie Bowring.
Published: CAPA Newsletter, May 2017
Journal article
Journal article
An analysis of measurement invariance in work stress by sex: Are we comparing apples to apples?
Published: JASNH, January 2017

IWH in the media
Young adults with arthritis more likely to be workers, not students
A survey of young adults by the Institute for Work & Health (IWH) revealed that those with arthritis reported significantly higher rates of employment and lower rates of education participation than their peers without arthritis.
Published: AJMC.com, January 2017

Research Highlights
Role of chronic conditions and physical job demands on differences in work activity limitations between women and men
The differing levels of work activity limitations among women and men are explained by the different chronic conditions they are likely to have and the different physical demands they are likely to face on the job.
Published: January 2017
Journal article
Journal article
Longitudinal examination of temporality in the association between chronic disease diagnosis and changes in work status and hours worked
Published: Occupational and Environmental Medicine, January 2017